8.8.1 完整示例
01-完整示例 — Comprehensive Rust
译文 · 基于 Comprehensive Rust
原文链接: https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/unsafe-deep-dive/pinning/drop-and-not-unpin-worked-example.html
8.8.1 完整示例
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
| // Copyright 2026 Google LLC
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::marker::PhantomPinned;
use std::mem;
use std::pin::Pin;
thread_local! {
static BATCH_FOR_PROCESSING: RefCell<Vec<String>> = RefCell::new(Vec::new());
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct CustomString(String);
#[derive(Debug)]
struct SelfRef {
data: CustomString,
ptr: *const CustomString,
_pin: PhantomPinned,
}
impl SelfRef {
fn new(data: &str) -> Pin<Box<SelfRef>> {
let mut boxed = Box::pin(SelfRef {
data: CustomString(data.to_owned()),
ptr: std::ptr::null(),
_pin: PhantomPinned,
});
let ptr: *const CustomString = &boxed.data;
unsafe {
Pin::get_unchecked_mut(Pin::as_mut(&mut boxed)).ptr = ptr;
}
boxed
}
}
impl Drop for SelfRef {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: 安全,因为我们从 String 中读取字节
let payload = unsafe { std::ptr::read(&self.data) };
BATCH_FOR_PROCESSING.with(|log| log.borrow_mut().push(payload.0));
}
}
fn main() {
let pinned = SelfRef::new("Rust 🦀");
drop(pinned);
BATCH_FOR_PROCESSING.with(|batch| {
println!("Batch: {:?}", batch.borrow());
});
}
|
本示例使用 Drop trait 添加数据以供后续处理,例如遥测或日志。
Safety 注释是错误的。 ptr::read 创建按位拷贝,使 self.data 处于无效状态。self.data 会在方法结束时再次被 drop,导致 double free。
请学员修复代码。
建议 0:重新设计
重新设计后处理系统,使其不依赖 Drop。
建议 1:Clone
使用 .clone() 是显而易见的首选,但会分配内存。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
| // Copyright 2026 Google LLC
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
impl Drop for SelfRef {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let payload = self.data.0.clone();
BATCH_FOR_PROCESSING.with(|log| log.borrow_mut().push(payload));
}
}
|
建议 2:ManuallyDrop
将 CustomString 包装在 ManuallyDrop 中,可防止在 Drop 实现末尾发生(第二次)自动 drop。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
| // Copyright 2026 Google LLC
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
struct SelfRef {
data: ManuallyDrop<CustomString>,
ptr: *const CustomString,
_pin: PhantomPinned,
}
// ...
impl Drop for SelfRef {
fn drop(&mut self) {
// SAFETY: self.data
let payload = unsafe { ManuallyDrop::take(&mut self.data) };
BATCH_FOR_PROCESSING.with(|log| log.borrow_mut().push(payload.0));
}
}
|