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use std::fs;
use std::io::prelude::*;
use std::net::TcpListener;
use std::net::TcpStream;

fn main() {
    // 在 localhost 7878 端口监听传入的 TCP 连接
    let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:7878").unwrap();

    // 永久阻塞，处理到达此 IP 地址的每个请求
    for stream in listener.incoming() {
        let stream = stream.unwrap();

        handle_connection(stream);
    }
}

fn handle_connection(mut stream: TcpStream) {
    // 从流中读取前 1024 字节数据
    let mut buffer = [0; 1024];
    stream.read(&mut buffer).unwrap();

    let get = b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n";

    // 根据请求数据回复问候或 404，
    // 取决于请求中的数据
    let (status_line, filename) = if buffer.starts_with(get) {
        ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n", "hello.html")
    } else {
        ("HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n\r\n", "404.html")
    };
    let contents = fs::read_to_string(filename).unwrap();

    // 将响应写回流，
    // 并刷新流以确保响应发回客户端
    let response = format!("{status_line}{contents}");
    stream.write_all(response.as_bytes()).unwrap();
    stream.flush().unwrap();
}

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Hello!</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello!</h1>
    <p>Hi from Rust</p>
  </body>
</html>

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Hello!</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Oops!</h1>
    <p>Sorry, I don't know what you're asking for.</p>
  </body>
</html>