Welcome

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原文： https://docs.gofiber.io/

👋 Welcome

An online API documentation with examples so you can start building web apps with Fiber right away!

​ 一个在线 API 文档，其中包含示例，以便您可以立即开始使用 Fiber 构建 Web 应用！

Fiber is an Express inspired web framework built on top of Fasthttp, the fastest HTTP engine for Go. Designed to ease things up for fast development with zero memory allocation and performance in mind.

​ Fiber 是一个基于 Fasthttp（Go 最快的 HTTP 引擎）构建的受 Express 启发的 Web 框架。旨在简化快速开发，同时兼顾零内存分配和性能。

These docs are for Fiber v2, which was released on September 15th, 2020.

​ 这些文档适用于 Fiber v2，该版本于 2020 年 9 月 15 日发布。

Installation 安装

First of all, download and install Go. 1.17 or higher is required.

​ 首先，下载并安装 Go。需要 1.17 或更高版本。

Installation is done using the go get command:

​ 安装使用 go get 命令完成：

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go get github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2

Zero Allocation 零分配

Some values returned from *fiber.Ctx are not immutable by default.

​ 从 *fiber.Ctx 返回的某些值默认情况下不是不可变的。

Because fiber is optimized for high-performance, values returned from fiber.Ctx are not immutable by default and will be re-used across requests. As a rule of thumb, you must only use context values within the handler, and you must not keep any references. As soon as you return from the handler, any values you have obtained from the context will be re-used in future requests and will change below your feet. Here is an example:

​ 由于 fiber 针对高性能进行了优化，因此从 fiber.Ctx 返回的值默认情况下不是不可变的，并且将在请求之间重复使用。根据经验，您只能在处理程序中使用上下文值，并且不能保留任何引用。一旦您从处理程序返回，您从上下文中获取的任何值都将在将来的请求中重复使用，并且会在您脚下发生变化。这里有一个例子：

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func handler(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    // Variable is only valid within this handler
    result := c.Params("foo") 

    // ...
}

If you need to persist such values outside the handler, make copies of their underlying buffer using the copy builtin. Here is an example for persisting a string:

​ 如果您需要在处理程序外部保留此类值，请使用 copy 内置函数复制其底层缓冲区。这里有一个持久化字符串的示例：

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func handler(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    // Variable is only valid within this handler
    result := c.Params("foo")

    // Make a copy
    buffer := make([]byte, len(result))
    copy(buffer, result)
    resultCopy := string(buffer) 
    // Variable is now valid forever

    // ...
}

We created a custom CopyString function that does the above and is available under gofiber/utils.

​ 我们创建了一个自定义 CopyString 函数来执行上述操作，该函数在 gofiber/utils 下可用。

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app.Get("/:foo", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    // Variable is now immutable
    result := utils.CopyString(c.Params("foo")) 

    // ...
})

Alternatively, you can also use the Immutable setting. It will make all values returned from the context immutable, allowing you to persist them anywhere. Of course, this comes at the cost of performance.

​ 或者，您也可以使用 Immutable 设置。它会使从上下文返回的所有值不可变，允许您将它们持久存储在任何地方。当然，这是以牺牲性能为代价的。

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app := fiber.New(fiber.Config{
    Immutable: true,
})

For more information, please check #426 and #185.

​ 有关更多信息，请查看 #426 和 #185。

Hello, World! 你好，世界！

Embedded below is essentially the most straightforward Fiber app you can create:

​ 下面嵌入的是您可以创建的最简单的 Fiber 应用程序：

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package main

import "github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2"

func main() {
    app := fiber.New()

    app.Get("/", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
        return c.SendString("Hello, World!")
    })

    app.Listen(":3000")
}

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go run server.go

Browse to http://localhost:3000 and you should see Hello, World! on the page.

​ 浏览到 http://localhost:3000 ，您应该会在页面上看到 Hello, World! 。

Basic routing 基本路由

Routing refers to determining how an application responds to a client request to a particular endpoint, which is a URI (or path) and a specific HTTP request method (GET, PUT, POST, etc.).

​ 路由是指确定应用程序如何响应客户端对特定端点的请求，该端点是一个 URI（或路径）和一个特定的 HTTP 请求方法（ GET 、 PUT 、 POST 等）。

Each route can have multiple handler functions that are executed when the route is matched.

​ 每个路由可以有多个处理程序函数，当路由匹配时执行这些函数。

Route definition takes the following structures:

​ 路由定义采用以下结构：

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// Function signature
app.Method(path string, ...func(*fiber.Ctx) error)
  • app is an instance of Fiber app 是 Fiber 的一个实例
  • Method is an HTTP request method: GET, PUT, POST, etc. Method 是一种HTTP请求方法： GET 、 PUT 、 POST 等。
  • path is a virtual path on the server path 是服务器上的虚拟路径
  • func(*fiber.Ctx) error is a callback function containing the Context executed when the route is matched func(*fiber.Ctx) error 是一个回调函数，其中包含在匹配路由时执行的上下文

Simple route 简单路由

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// Respond with "Hello, World!" on root path, "/"
app.Get("/", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    return c.SendString("Hello, World!")
})

Parameters 参数

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// GET http://localhost:8080/hello%20world

app.Get("/:value", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    return c.SendString("value: " + c.Params("value"))
    // => Get request with value: hello world
})

Optional parameter 可选参数

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// GET http://localhost:3000/john

app.Get("/:name?", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    if c.Params("name") != "" {
        return c.SendString("Hello " + c.Params("name"))
        // => Hello john
    }
    return c.SendString("Where is john?")
})

Wildcards 通配符

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// GET http://localhost:3000/api/user/john

app.Get("/api/*", func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
    return c.SendString("API path: " + c.Params("*"))
    // => API path: user/john
})

Static files 静态文件

To serve static files such as images, CSS, and JavaScript files, replace your function handler with a file or directory string.

​ 要提供图像、CSS 和 JavaScript 文件等静态文件，请将您的函数处理程序替换为文件或目录字符串。

Function signature:

​ 函数签名：

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app.Static(prefix, root string, config ...Static)

Use the following code to serve files in a directory named ./public:

​ 使用以下代码在名为 ./public 的目录中提供文件：

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app := fiber.New()

app.Static("/", "./public") 

app.Listen(":3000")

Now, you can load the files that are in the ./public directory:

​ 现在，您可以加载位于 ./public 目录中的文件：

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http://localhost:3000/hello.html
http://localhost:3000/js/jquery.js
http://localhost:3000/css/style.css

Note 注意

For more information on how to build APIs in Go with Fiber, please check out this excellent article on building an express-style API in Go with Fiber.

​ 有关如何在 Go 中使用 Fiber 构建 API 的更多信息，请查看这篇关于使用 Fiber 在 Go 中构建 express 风格 API 的优秀文章。

最后修改 March 10, 2024: 更新 (ddf4687)